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From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight
Iurilli, Maria LC;Zhou, Bin;Bennett, James E;Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M;Sophiea, Marisa K;Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea;Bixby, Honor;Solomon, Bethlehem D;Taddei, Cristina;Danaei, Goodarz;Di Cesare, Mariachiara;Stevens, Gretchen A;Riley, Leanne M;Savin, Stefan;Cowan, Melanie J;Bovet, Pascal;Damasceno, Albertino;Chirita-Emandi, Adela;Hayes, Alison J;Ikeda, Nayu;Jackson, Rod T;Khang, Young-Ho;Laxmaiah, Avula;Liu, Jing;Miranda, J Jaime;Saidi, Olfa;Sebert, Sylvain;Sorić, Maroje;Starc, Gregor;Gregg, Edward W;Abarca-Gómez, Leandra;Abdeen, Ziad A;Abdrakhmanova, Shynar;Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul;Rahim, Hanan F Abdul;Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M;Garba, Jamila Abubakar;Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin;Adams, Robert J;Aekplakorn, Wichai;Afsana, Kaosar;Afzal, Shoaib;Agdeppa, Imelda A;Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad;Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A;Agyemang, Charles;Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan;Ahmad, Noor Ani;Ahmadi, Ali;Ahmadi, Naser;Ahmed, Soheir H;Ahrens, Wolfgang;Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira;Ajlouni, Kamel;Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M;Al-Lahou, 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J;Price, Jacqueline F;Providencia, Rui;Puder, Jardena J;Pudule, Iveta;Puhakka, Soile E;Puiu, Maria;Punab, Margus;Qasrawi, Radwan F;Qorbani, Mostafa;Bao, Tran Quoc;Radic, Ivana;Radisauskas, Ricardas;Rahimikazerooni, Salar;Rahman, Mahfuzar;Rahman, Mahmudur;Raitakari, Olli;Raj, Manu;Rakhimova, Ellina;Rakhmatulloev, Sherali;Rakovac, Ivo;Rao, Sudha Ramachandra;Ramachandran, Ambady;Ramke, Jacqueline;Ramos, Elisabete;Ramos, Rafel;Rampal, Lekhraj;Rampal, Sanjay;Rarra, Vayia;Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A;Rasmussen, Mette;Rech, Cassiano Ricardo;Redon, Josep;Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M;Regecová, Valéria;Revilla, Luis;Rezaianzadeh, Abbas;Ribas-Barba, Lourdes;Ribeiro, Robespierre;Riboli, Elio;Richter, Adrian;Rigo, Fernando;Rinaldo, Natascia;de Wit, Tobias F Rinke;Rito, Ana;Ritti-Dias, Raphael M;Rivera, Juan A;Robitaille, Cynthia;Roccaldo, Romana;Rodrigues, Daniela;Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando;del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, María;Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A;Roggenbuck, Ulla;Rojas-Martinez, 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Schaffrath;Schargrodsky, Herman;Schienkiewitz, Anja;Schipf, Sabine;Schmidt, Carsten O;Schmidt, Ida Maria;Schnohr, Peter;Schöttker, Ben;Schramm, Sara;Schramm, Stine;Schröder, Helmut;Schultsz, Constance;Schutte, Aletta E;Sein, Aye Aye;Selamat, Rusidah;Sember, Vedrana;Sen, Abhijit;Senbanjo, Idowu O;Sepanlou, Sadaf G;Sequera, Victor;Serra-Majem, Luis;Servais, Jennifer;Ševcíková, Ludmila;Shalnova, Svetlana A;Shamah-Levy, Teresa;Shamshirgaran, Morteza;Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam;Sharafkhah, Maryam;Sharma, Sanjib K;Shaw, Jonathan E;Shayanrad, Amaneh;Shayesteh, Ali Akbar;Shengelia, Lela;Shi, Zumin;Shibuya, Kenji;Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana;Shin, Dong Wook;Shirani, Majid;Shiri, Rahman;Shrestha, Namuna;Si-Ramlee, Khairil;Siani, Alfonso;Siantar, Rosalynn;Sibai, Abla M;Silva, Antonio M;Silva, Diego Augusto Santos;Simon, Mary;Simons, Judith;Simons, Leon A;Sjöberg, Agneta;Sjöström, Michael;Skodje, Gry;Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta;Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw;Smeeth, Liam;So, Hung-Kwan;Soares, Fernanda Cunha;Sobek, Grzegorz;Sobngwi, Eugène;Sodemann, Morten;Söderberg, Stefan;Soekatri, Moesijanti YE;Soemantri, Agustinus;Sofat, Reecha;Solfrizzi, Vincenzo;Somi, Mohammad Hossein;Sonestedt, Emily;Song, Yi;Sørensen, Thorkild IA;Sørgjerd, Elin P;Jérome, Charles Sossa;Soto-Rojas, Victoria E;Soumaré, Aïcha;Sovic, Slavica;Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente;Sparrenberger, Karen;Spinelli, Angela;Spiroski, Igor;Staessen, Jan A;Stamm, Hanspeter;Stathopoulou, Maria G;Staub, Kaspar;Stavreski, Bill;Steene-Johannessen, Jostein;Stehle, Peter;Stein, Aryeh D;Stergiou, George S;Stessman, Jochanan;Stevanovic, Ranko;Stieber, Jutta;Stöckl, Doris;Stocks, Tanja;Stokwiszewski, Jakub;Stoyanova, Ekaterina;Stratton, Gareth;Stronks, Karien;Strufaldi, Maria Wany;Sturua, Lela;Suárez-Medina, Ramón;Suka, Machi;Sun, Chien-An;Sundström, Johan;Sung, Yn-Tz;Sunyer, Jordi;Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul;Swinburn, Boyd A;Sy, Rody G;Syddall, Holly E;Sylva, René Charles;Szklo, Moyses;Szponar, Lucjan;Tai, E Shyong;Tammesoo, Mari-Liis;Tamosiunas, 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2021-01-01
Abstract
From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11379/543877
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simulazione ASN
Il report seguente simula gli indicatori relativi alla propria produzione scientifica in relazione alle soglie ASN 2023-2025 del proprio SC/SSD. Si ricorda che il superamento dei valori soglia (almeno 2 su 3) è requisito necessario ma non sufficiente al conseguimento dell'abilitazione. La simulazione si basa sui dati IRIS e sugli indicatori bibliometrici alla data indicata e non tiene conto di eventuali periodi di congedo obbligatorio, che in sede di domanda ASN danno diritto a incrementi percentuali dei valori. La simulazione può differire dall'esito di un’eventuale domanda ASN sia per errori di catalogazione e/o dati mancanti in IRIS, sia per la variabilità dei dati bibliometrici nel tempo. Si consideri che Anvur calcola i valori degli indicatori all'ultima data utile per la presentazione delle domande.
La presente simulazione è stata realizzata sulla base delle specifiche raccolte sul tavolo ER del Focus Group IRIS coordinato dall’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e delle regole riportate nel DM 589/2018 e allegata Tabella A. Cineca, l’Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia e il Focus Group IRIS non si assumono alcuna responsabilità in merito all’uso che il diretto interessato o terzi faranno della simulazione. Si specifica inoltre che la simulazione contiene calcoli effettuati con dati e algoritmi di pubblico dominio e deve quindi essere considerata come un mero ausilio al calcolo svolgibile manualmente o con strumenti equivalenti.