The Surgical Treatment of Isolated Mason Type 2 Fractures of the Radial Head in Adults: Comparison Between Radial Head Resection and Open Reduction and Internal Fixation.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcomes of two different surgical treatments for the management of isolated closed Mason Type 2 radial head fractures. DESIGN: Retrospective study. The Student t test and McPearson chi-square test were used to evaluate whether there was a significance difference between the groups. PATIENTS: Fifty-nine patients with isolated Mason Type 2 radial head fractures. INTERVENTION: Twenty-four patients treated with radial head excision (Group I) and 35 treated with open reduction and internal fixation (Group II). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Broberg and Morrey functional rating scores and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Orthogonal radiographs were performed on both the elbow and the wrist; these were assessed for the presence of arthritis, heterotopic ossification, and the degree of proximal radial migration. RESULTS: The length of postoperative follow-up was 157 ± 61.84 months (Group I) and 125 ± 39.09 months (Group II). The Broberg and Morrey functional rating score was 86.21 ± 6.10 points and 95.09 ± 4.78 points, respectively. The DASH score was 21.82 ± 6.01 points and 2.81 ± 2.73 points, respectively. Radiologically moderate or severe osteoarthritis was present in the elbows of nine patients in Group I and only two patients in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with isolated Mason Type 2 radial head fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation (Group II) had less residual pain, greater range of motion, and better strength than patients treated by radial head excision (Group I). Additionally, Group II had a lower incidence of severe posttraumatic arthritis, which contributed to improved DASH and Broberg and Morrey functional scores. These results support open reduction and internal fixation as the treatment of choice for these fractures.