Definition of standardized GeoBIM information requirements for digital building permits

The construction industry is increasingly adopting digital approaches throughout the building lifecycle, starting with building permits, which remain largely analogue to date. The digitalization of the permitting process is a multifaceted transition that also involves the implementation of automated compliance checks, making it essential to define clear, machine-readable Information Requirements (IRs) for models. This provides the structured data necessary for validation and approval through a GeoBIM approach, which effectively integrates detailed building information with broader geospatial data. This study defines IRs by leveraging BIM standards (ISO 7817-1, 23386, 19650-4) extending them to the GeoBIM framework. The identification of requirements is driven by a case study focused on two key checks: maximum building height and minimum distances from surrounding objects, selected to demonstrate the seamless integration of building-level and geospatial data. The IRs were mapped using the IFC, CityGML, and INSPIRE data schemas, and were standardized through IDS and OGC-based Data Exchange Toolkits. Results demonstrate that leveraging international standards to structure IRs improves interoperability and provides a robust basis for automated verification. By aligning local requirements with global standards, this methodology offers a scalable solution for municipalities to implement digitalization, ensuring consistent IRs, machine-readable, and exchangeable across different platforms.