Female Adnexal Tumor of Probable Wolffian Origin (FATWO): Case Report and Systematic Literature Review

Purpose: The paper aims to provide additional evidence and summarize the available evidence concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of female adnexal tumors of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO). Methods: We presented a case of FATWO diagnosed and treated at our department. In addition, we performed systematic research of the literature (Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library) including observational prospective and retrospective studies, case series, and case reports. We collected 165 cases of FATWO are available in the literature, including our case report. Results: We presented a case report of a 52-year-old asymptomatic woman with an incidental finding of an ovarian cyst. The final histological examination diagnosed it as an ovarian FATWO. Following surgical treatment alone, the patient continued to have negative follow-ups. The median age at diagnosis was 50 years old; the most frequent localization was the broad ligament (30,3%) followed by the ovary (26.1%), mesosalpinx (21.8%), and less common localizations. The most frequent symptom at the diagnosis was abdominal pain. Recurrent disease occurs in less than 20% of the cases with an overall survival of 59 months in patients with recurrent disease. Conclusions: FATWO is a rare cancer arising from mesonephric remnant most frequently from the broad ligament.