Extensive research has focused on the economic valuation of ecosystem services and on the development of policy instruments to incorporate natural capital into agri-food systems, consistent with the System of Environmental Economic Accounting—Ecosystem Accounting framework. This thesis addresses these themes through a series of interconnected studies. A meta-analysis of 116 papers reporting 368 valuation estimates shows that an econometric model controlling for (a) the geographical and socio-economic characteristics of study sites, (b) the valuation methods and beneficiary types, and (c) the biophysical and ecological attributes of the relevant biomes and ecosystem services explains 50.2% of the variation in reported values. The analysis indicates that the only statistically significant driver in methodological terms is the application of non-market valuation approaches. While monetary values are a mix of market and non-market values, most economic value of natural capital is outside the market and can only be captured by non-market valuation techniques. Subsequent discrete choice experiments with Italian winegrowers, estimated using nonlinear random-parameter logit models, reveal that risk preferences, probability weighting, and prior adoption experiences significantly influence willingness to accept payments for sustainable practices. At the same time, the weak integration of natural capital assets into farm-level risk assessments suggests that policy incentives aimed at fostering long-term resilience and resource conservation may fail to elicit the intended behavioral responses when farmers do not perceive environmental improvements as economically salient within the relevant time horizon. A further choice experiment with consumers, analyzed through a latent class model incorporating a control-function approach to address the endogeneity of attitudinal scales, uncovers heterogeneous preferences for food labels associated with ecosystem service provision. The level of informational detail, and its interaction with organic certification, strongly influences willingness to pay. Finally, a simulated exchange-value approach is employed to translate the indirect and non-use values of biodiversity related ecosystem services derived from non-market valuation techniques into accounting consistent asset values for urban parks. Taken together, the findings identify the determinants of ecosystem service valuation across stakeholder groups, quantify the economic incentives required to encourage the adoption of sustainable practices, and develop a transferable methodology to aligning welfare based valuation with national accounting standards. The thesis thereby offers an evidence base for designing cost-effective agri-environmental policies and market-based conservation instruments.
Un’ampia letteratura si è concentrata sulla valutazione economica dei servizi ecosistemici e sullo sviluppo di strumenti di policy volti a integrare il capitale naturale nei sistemi agroalimentari, in coerenza con il quadro del System of Environmental Economic Accounting – Ecosystem Accounting. La presente tesi affronta tali tematiche attraverso una serie di studi tra loro interconnessi. Una meta-analisi di 116 contributi scientifici, che riportano complessivamente 368 stime di valore, mostra che un modello econometrico in grado di controllare per (a) le caratteristiche geografiche e socio-economiche dei siti di studio, (b) i metodi di valutazione e le tipologie di beneficiari, e (c) gli attributi biofisici ed ecologici dei biomi e dei servizi ecosistemici considerati, spiega il 50,2% della variazione nei valori riportati. L’analisi evidenzia che, dal punto di vista metodologico, l’unico determinante statisticamente significativo è l’applicazione di approcci di valutazione non di mercato. Sebbene i valori monetari osservati comprendano una combinazione di valori di mercato e non di mercato, la maggior parte del valore economico del capitale naturale risiede al di fuori del mercato e può essere colta esclusivamente mediante tecniche di valutazione non di mercato. Successivi esperimenti di scelta discreta condotti con viticoltori italiani, stimati mediante modelli logit non lineari a parametri casuali, rivelano che le preferenze rispetto al rischio, la ponderazione delle probabilità e le esperienze pregresse di adozione influenzano in modo significativo la disponibilità ad accettare compensazioni per l’adozione di pratiche sostenibili. Al contempo, la debole integrazione delle risorse di capitale naturale nelle valutazioni del rischio a livello aziendale suggerisce che gli incentivi di policy volti a promuovere la resilienza di lungo periodo e la conservazione delle risorse potrebbero non generare le risposte comportamentali attese qualora gli agricoltori non percepiscano i miglioramenti ambientali come economicamente rilevanti nell’orizzonte temporale considerato. Un ulteriore esperimento di scelta con i consumatori, analizzato mediante un modello a classi latenti che incorpora un approccio di control function per affrontare l’endogeneità delle scale attitudinali, mette in luce preferenze eterogenee per le etichette alimentari associate alla fornitura di servizi ecosistemici. Il livello di dettaglio informativo, nonché la sua interazione con la certificazione biologica, influenza in modo marcato la disponibilità a pagare. Infine, viene adottato un approccio basato sul valore di scambio simulato per tradurre i valori indiretti e di non uso dei servizi ecosistemici legati alla biodiversità, derivati da tecniche di valutazione non di mercato, in valori patrimoniali coerenti con i principi contabili applicabili ai parchi urbani. Nel loro insieme, i risultati individuano i determinanti della valutazione dei servizi ecosistemici tra diversi gruppi di portatori di interesse, quantificano gli incentivi economici necessari a favorire l’adozione di pratiche sostenibili e sviluppano una metodologia trasferibile per allineare la valutazione del benessere con gli standard della contabilità nazionale. La tesi fornisce pertanto una solida base empirica per la progettazione di politiche agro-ambientali efficienti in termini di costo e di strumenti di conservazione basati sul mercato.
Economic valuation of ecosystem services: a natural capital approach to agri-food production systems / Amatucci, A.. - (2026 Apr 09).
Economic valuation of ecosystem services: a natural capital approach to agri-food production systems
AMATUCCI, ACHILLE
2026-04-09
Abstract
Extensive research has focused on the economic valuation of ecosystem services and on the development of policy instruments to incorporate natural capital into agri-food systems, consistent with the System of Environmental Economic Accounting—Ecosystem Accounting framework. This thesis addresses these themes through a series of interconnected studies. A meta-analysis of 116 papers reporting 368 valuation estimates shows that an econometric model controlling for (a) the geographical and socio-economic characteristics of study sites, (b) the valuation methods and beneficiary types, and (c) the biophysical and ecological attributes of the relevant biomes and ecosystem services explains 50.2% of the variation in reported values. The analysis indicates that the only statistically significant driver in methodological terms is the application of non-market valuation approaches. While monetary values are a mix of market and non-market values, most economic value of natural capital is outside the market and can only be captured by non-market valuation techniques. Subsequent discrete choice experiments with Italian winegrowers, estimated using nonlinear random-parameter logit models, reveal that risk preferences, probability weighting, and prior adoption experiences significantly influence willingness to accept payments for sustainable practices. At the same time, the weak integration of natural capital assets into farm-level risk assessments suggests that policy incentives aimed at fostering long-term resilience and resource conservation may fail to elicit the intended behavioral responses when farmers do not perceive environmental improvements as economically salient within the relevant time horizon. A further choice experiment with consumers, analyzed through a latent class model incorporating a control-function approach to address the endogeneity of attitudinal scales, uncovers heterogeneous preferences for food labels associated with ecosystem service provision. The level of informational detail, and its interaction with organic certification, strongly influences willingness to pay. Finally, a simulated exchange-value approach is employed to translate the indirect and non-use values of biodiversity related ecosystem services derived from non-market valuation techniques into accounting consistent asset values for urban parks. Taken together, the findings identify the determinants of ecosystem service valuation across stakeholder groups, quantify the economic incentives required to encourage the adoption of sustainable practices, and develop a transferable methodology to aligning welfare based valuation with national accounting standards. The thesis thereby offers an evidence base for designing cost-effective agri-environmental policies and market-based conservation instruments.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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