Enhancing industrial symbiosis as a business model in POREM's value chain: assessing its potential economic impact in Italy

The POREM project, funded by the European Union's LIFE program, aims to enhance soil management through bioremediation by transforming poultry manure into a bioactivator using a patented process. The paper assesses its potential economic impact in Italy by providing an overview of circular and sustainable business models based on industrial symbiosis for the production and consumption of the POREM bioactivator. It also designs and models the structure of the POREM circular value chain. The paper outlines three industrial symbiosis models for the POREM . Potential annual production of POREM in Italy is estimated at 40,6 million tons, with a market value ranging from one and two billion euros annually. The regions of Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, and Lombardy are particularly well-suited with an industrial structure conducive to supporting all three POREM-related business models.