fib Bulletin 116. Fibre reinforced sprayed concrete in tunnels and underground spaces

This document aims to support Designers, Contractors and Clients with guidance for the use of structural fibre reinforced concrete, known as FRC, in tunnels and underground spaces, constructed using sprayed concrete lining methods (even if some of the presented principles can be adopted for FRC cast in situ also). These construction methods include the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM), Sprayed Concrete Lining Method (SCL) or Sequential Excavation Method (SEM), and whilst the design principles for these three approaches have some similarities, they are underpinned by different design philosophies. For the structural design of the lining itself however, these differences are not important.